The State of Estate and Inheritance Taxes in 2014

Two U.S. states — Maryland and New Jersey — impose both estate and inheritance taxes, explain Liz Emanuel, Scott Drenkard and Richard Borean in a new report from the Tax Foundation.

Estate and inheritance taxes have large compliance costs, suppress entrepreneurship and harm economic growth. The federal government imposes an estate tax, but many states in the U.S. levy their own estate and inheritance taxes.

Estate and inheritance taxes differ in that estate taxes are levied against an estate, regardless of who inherits the assets. Inheritance taxes, on the other hand, are levied on transfers of assets, based on the inheriting party’s relationship to the deceased. In the U.S., 15 states and the District of Columbia have an estate tax, six states have an inheritance tax, and only two — Maryland and New Jersey — have both.

The Tax Foundation’s updated state tax map reveals the latest taxing trends:

• Washington has the highest maximum estate tax rate at 20 percent, while 11 states have a maximum estate tax rate of 16 percent.
• Hawaii and Delaware have the highest estate tax exemption threshold at $5.34 million, while New Jersey has the lowest threshold, at $675,000.
• Nebraska has the highest maximum inheritance tax rate at 18 percent, which applies to transfers to non-relatives. Kentucky and New Jersey are not far behind, imposing a top rate of 16 percent for beneficiaries not of the immediate family.
• Indiana fully repealed its inheritance tax last year, and Tennessee agreed to phase out its estate tax by 2016.

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